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1.
Actas Esp Psiquiatr ; 34(3): 185-92, 2006.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16736392

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The Cambridge Depersonalisation Scale (CDS) is a self-rating questionnaire constructed to capture the frequency and duration of depersonalization symptoms over the last six months. The instrument has proved to be valid and reliable and can be useful in both clinical and neurobiological research. METHODS: This paper presents the Spanish adaptation and validation of the CDS. The study was carried out in two stages. First, we developed the Spanish version of the CDS by means of a cross-cultural adaptation methodology. Second, the CDS was tried on a sample of 130 subjects: 77 patients meeting DSM-IV-TR criteria for schizophrenia, 35 with depression disorders and 18 with anxiety disorders. Scores were compared against clinical diagnoses (gold standard). Furthermore, all the subjects of the study were administered the following: Dissociation Experiences Scale (DES), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS). RESULTS: 38 patients (29.2 %) had depersonalization symptoms. The scale showed high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha > 0.9 and split-half reliability > 0.8) and a test-retest reliability of 0.391. Convergent validity was 0.65 (p < 0.001) and discriminant validity was 0.308 (p < 0.05). The area under the ROC curve was 0.94. A cut-off of 71 appears to be most useful (sensitivity and specificity were 76.3 % and 89.1 %, respectively). CONCLUSION: The Spanish version of the CDS has good reliability and validity, similar to the original instrument.


Assuntos
Despersonalização/diagnóstico , Despersonalização/etnologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Transtornos de Ansiedade/diagnóstico , Transtornos de Ansiedade/epidemiologia , Comparação Transcultural , Cultura , Despersonalização/epidemiologia , Transtorno Depressivo/diagnóstico , Transtorno Depressivo/epidemiologia , Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico de Transtornos Mentais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Esquizofrenia/diagnóstico , Esquizofrenia/epidemiologia
2.
Actas esp. psiquiatr ; 34(3): 185-192, mayo-jun. 2006. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-046021

RESUMO

Introducción. La Escala de Despersonalización de Cambridge (CDS) es un cuestionario autoadministrado construido para capturar la frecuencia y duración de los síntomas de despersonalización en los últimos 6 meses. El instrumento ha mostrado ser válido y fiable y puede ser útil tanto en la clínica como en la investigación neurobiológica. Métodos. Este trabajo presenta la adaptación y validación al castellano de la CDS. El estudio fue llevado a cabo en dos etapas. En la primera desarrollamos la versión española de la CDS siguiendo la metodología de adaptación transcultural. En la segunda la CDS fue aplicada en una muestra de 130 sujetos: 77 pacientes reunieron criterios del DSM-IV-TR para esquizofrenia, 35 con trastorno depresivo y 18 con trastorno de ansiedad. Las puntuaciones obtenidas fueron comparadas con el diagnóstico clínico (patrón oro). Además, todos los sujetos del estudio completaron los cuestionarios Escala de Experiencias Disociativas (DES), Escala de los Síndromes Positivo y Negativo (PANSS), Inventario de Depresión de Beck (BDI) y Escala de Ansiedad de Hamilton (HARS). Resultados. Treinta y ocho pacientes (29,2 %) presentaron síntomas de despersonalización. La escala mostró una consistencia interna elevada (alfa de Cronbach > 0,9 y fiabilidad al dividir por la mitad [split-half reliability], > 0,8) y una fiabilidad test-retest de 0,391. La validez convergente fue de 0,65 (p < 0,001) y la discriminativa fue de 0,308 (p < 0,05). El área bajo la curva ROC fue de 0,94. El punto de corte de 71 pareció ser el más favorable (la sensibilidad y especificidad fueron 76,3 y 89,1 %, respectivamente). Conclusión. La versión al castellano de la CDS ha mostrado una validez y fiabilidad aceptables, similares a las del cuestionario original


Introduction. The Cambridge Depersonalisation Scale (CDS) is a self-rating questionnaire constructed to capture the frequency and duration of depersonalization symptoms over the last six months. The instrument has proved to be valid and reliable and can be useful in both clinical and neurobiological research. Methods. This paper presents the Spanish adaptation and validation of the CDS. The study was carried out in two stages. First, we developed the Spanish version of the CDS by means of a cross-cultural adaptation methodology. Second, the CDS was tried on a sample of 130 subjects: 77 patients meeting DSM-IV-TR criteria for schizophrenia, 35 with depression disorders and 18 with anxiety disorders. Scores were compared against clinical diagnoses (gold standard). Furthermore, all the subjects of the study were administered the following: Dissociation Experiences Scale (DES), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS). Results. 38 patients (29.2 %) had depersonalization symptoms. The scale showed high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha > 0.9 and split-half reliability > 0.8) and a test-retest reliability of 0.391. Convergent validity was 0.65 (p < 0.001) and discriminant validity was 0.308 (p < 0.05). The area under the ROC curve was 0.94. A cut-off of 71 appears to be most useful (sensitivity and specificity were 76.3 % and 89.1 %, respectively). Conclusion. The Spanish version of the CDS has good reliability and validity, similar to the original instrument


Assuntos
Humanos , Despersonalização/diagnóstico , Psicometria/instrumentação , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica , Comparação Transcultural
3.
Aten Primaria ; 35(1): 14-21, 2005 Jan.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15691450

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To assess the validity of small questionnaires of 4,5 and 1 questions, based on the 15-question Spanish version of the Yesavage geriatric depression scale (GDS-VE), for diagnosing depression in the over-65s. DESIGN: Study to validate questionnaires. SETTING: Health centre consultations. PARTICIPANTS: 258 patients were selected to adapt and validate the original questionnaire (GDS-15). Then validity data were assessed by using a group with one question (GDS-1), a group with 4 questions (GDS-4) and a group with 5 (GDS-5). The questions were chosen for the greater sensitivity and specificity shown in the validation study of the GDS-VE. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Inter and intra-observer reliability, internal consistency, convergent validity (Spearman's correlation coefficient: CC), criterion validity (sensitivity, S, and specificity, E), and the diagnostic capacity of each questionnaire (area under the ROC curve: AUC), at their respective 95% confidence intervals (CI), were all analysed. RESULTS: 249 patients concluded the study, with the following results (the cut-off point was taken as 2 or more points on the 4 and 5-question versions): GDS-1: S: 71.1% (61.7-80.4), E: 74.1% (67.3-80.9), AUC: 0.726 (0.659-0.793), CC: 0.679 (0.673-0.684). GDS-4: S: 73.3% (64.2-82.4), E: 77.7% (71.2-84.2), AUC: 0.821 (0.765-0.876), CC: 0.803 (0.754-0.852). GDS-5: S: 81.1% (73.1-89.1), E: 73.2% (66.3-80.1), AUC: 0.833 (0.789-0.887), CC: 0.866 (0.824-0.908). CONCLUSIONS: The sensitivity and specificity results are similar to results of other ultra-short GDS studies. The high reliability of these ultra-short versions leads us to recommend that new studies be run to enable these versions to be consolidated as a valid and very rapid option for diagnosing depression among the elderly.


Assuntos
Depressão/diagnóstico , Inquéritos e Questionários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino
4.
Aten. prim. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 35(1): 14-21, ene. 2005. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-038034

RESUMO

Objetivo. Evaluar la validez de cuestionarios reducidos de 4,5 y 1 preguntas basados en la escala geriátrica de depresión de Yesavage en su versión española (GDS-VE) de 15 preguntas, para el cribado de la depresión en las personas > 65 años. Diseño. Estudio de validación de cuestionarios. Emplazamiento. Consultas de un centro de salud. Participantes. Se seleccionó a 258 pacientes para adaptar y validar el cuestionario original (GDS-15). Posteriormente se valoran los datos de validez al aplicar un grupo de 1 pregunta (GDS-1), 4 preguntas (GDS-4) y otro de 5 (GDS-5)seleccionadas por su mayor sensibilidad y especificidad obtenidas en el estudio de validación del GDS-VE. Mediciones principales. Se analiza la fiabilidad inter-observador e intraobservador, la consistencia interna, la validez convergente (coeficiente de correlación de Spearman [CC]), la validez de criterio (sensibilidad [S] y especificidad [E]) y la capacidad diagnóstica de cada cuestionario (área bajo la curva ROC [AUC]), con los respectivos intervalos de confianza (IC) del95%.Resultados. Finalizaron el estudio 249pacientes. Se han obtenido los siguientes resultados, considerando un punto de corte de ≥ 2 en las versiones de 4 y 5 preguntas:- GDS-1: S del 71,1% (61,7-80,4); E del74,1% (67,3-80,9); AUC = 0,726 (0,659-0,793); CC = 0,679 (0,673-0,684).- GDS-4: S del 73,3% (64,2-82,4); E del77,7% (71,2-84,2); AUC = 0,821 (0,765-0,876); CC = 0,803 (0,754-0,852).- GDS-5: S del 81,1% (73,1-89,1); E del73,2% (66,3-80,1); AUC = 0,833 (0,789-0,887); CC = 0,866 (0,824-0,908).Conclusiones. Los resultados de sensibilidad y especificidad son similares a los obtenidos en otros estudios de GDS ultracorta. La buena fiabilidad de estas versiones ultracortas nos hace recomendar la realización de nuevos trabajos que permitan consolidarlo como una opción válida y muy rápida para el cribado de la depresión en población anciana


Objetives. To assess the validity of small questionnaires of 4,5 and 1 questions, based on the 15-question Spanish version of the Yesavage geriatric depression scale (GDSVE),for diagnosing depression in the over-65s.Design. Study to validate questionnaires. Setting. Health centre consultations. Participants. 258 patients were selected to adapt and validate the original questionnaire(GDS-15). Then validity data were assessed by using a group with one question (GDS-1),a group with 4 questions (GDS-4) and a group with 5 (GDS-5). The questions were chosen for the greater sensitivity and specificity shown in the validation study of the GDS-VE. Main measurements. Inter and intra-observer reliability, internal consistency, convergent validity (Spearman’s correlation coefficient: CC), criterion validity (sensitivity, S, and specificity, E), and the diagnostic capacity of each questionnaire (area under the ROCcurve: AUC), at their respective 95%confidence intervals (CI), were all analysed. Results. 249 patients concluded the study, with the following results (the cut-off point was taken as 2 or more points on the 4 and5-question versions): GDS-1: S: 71.1% (61.7-80.4), E: 74.1% (67.3-80.9), AUC: 0.726(0.659-0.793), CC: 0.679 (0.673-0.684).GDS-4: S: 73.3% (64.2-82.4), E: 77.7%(71.2-84.2), AUC: 0.821 (0.765-0.876), CC:0.803 (0.754-0.852).GDS-5: S: 81.1% (73.1-89.1), E: 73.2%(66.3-80.1), AUC: 0.833 (0.789-0.887), CC:0.866 (0.824-0.908).Conclusions. The sensitivity and specificity results are similar to results of other ultrashort GDS studies. The high reliability of these ultra-short versions leads us to recommend that new studies be run to enable these versions to be consolidated as a valid and very rapid option for diagnosing depression among the elderly


Assuntos
Idoso , Humanos , Depressão/diagnóstico , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica , Depressão/classificação
5.
Medifam (Madr.) ; 12(10): 620-630, dic. 2002. tab, ilus
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-16673

RESUMO

Fundamento: existen escasos cuestionarios de cribado de depresión adecuadamente validados al castellano. Objetivo: adaptar y validar al castellano la versión abreviada de la Geriatric Depression Scale de Yesavage (GDS) para su uso en el cribado de depresiones en mayores de 65 años. Diseño, material y método: el trabajo se ha realizado en consultas de un centro de salud de Atención Primaria mediante un estudio de validación de cuestionarios. Se ha realizado en tres etapas: en la primera se ha traducido y adaptado el cuestionario al castellano (GDS-VE). En una segunda fase el médico/enfermera de cada sujeto aplicó el cuestionario de forma individual. Por último, otro investigador, de forma ciega, realizó al sujeto una entrevista semiestructurada para determinar síntomas de depresión según los criterios establecidos en la CIE-10. Igualmente se realizó una evaluación del estado cognitivo y se cumplimentaron los cuestionarios de Montgomery - Asberg, Pfeiffer- VE , MEC, IQCODE-VE y la parte de valoración de actividades de la vida diaria del OARS-MFAQ. El resultado final de esta exploración fue considerado como el patrón oro de diagnóstico de depresión, siendo la referencia para el cálculo de la sensibilidad, especificidad y razones de máxima verosimilitud para un resultado positivo y negativo del test. Resultados: se ha realizado la adaptación del GDS obteniendo la versión a validar (GDS-VE).Finalizaron el estudio 249 personas mayores de 65 años, con media de edad de 74,3 años, el 67,5 per cent mujeres y un 65 per cent analfabetos o sin estudios. La fiabilidad intraobservador ha sido del 0,95 y la interobservador del 0,65, con una consistencia interna de 0,99. Se ha obtenido un área bajo la curva de 0,835. La sensibilidad alcanzada ha sido del 81,1 per cent y la especificidad del 76,7 per cent para un punto de corte de 5 o más puntos. Conclusiones: los parámetros de fiabilidad y validez para la versión adaptada han resultado aceptables y similares a los del cuestionario original. Se recomienda utilizar un punto de corte de 5 o más para considerar la posible existencia de depresión (AU)


Assuntos
Idoso , Feminino , Masculino , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Humanos , Programas de Rastreamento , Inquéritos e Questionários , Saúde do Idoso , Depressão/psicologia , Depressão/diagnóstico , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Fatores Socioeconômicos
6.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 117(4): 129-34, 2001 Jun 30.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11472684

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Our aims were to develop a Spanish version of the short portable mental status questionnaire (SPMSQ) (Pfeiffer's test) and to validate the resultant Spanish version of the test among a general population aged 65 years or older. PATIENTS, MATERIAL AND METHODS: First, we developed the Spanish version of the SPMSQ by means of a cross-cultural adaptation methodology. Patients were the assessed by independent teams in two sessions the same day. The first team (two trained psychiatrists and one trained family physician) carried out a standardised neuropsychological assessment to diagnose cognitive impairment/dementia according to ICD-10 criteria which was regarded as the reference "gold standard" to calculate validity parameters (sensitivity and specificity). The second team (family physicians/nurses) assessed the presence of cognitive impairment with the Spanish version of the SPMSQ. RESULTS: 255 subjects (66.7%, females) underwent the assessment. Mean age was 74.5 years and 65.5% of them were illiterate. The inter-rater reliability and test-retest reliability of the SPMSQ Spanish version were 0.738 (p < 0.001), and 0.925 (p < 0.001), respectively,with a convergent validity of 0.74 (p < 0.001) and a discriminant validity of 0.230 (p < 0.001). The internal consistency was high with an *value of 0.82. The area under the ROC curve was 0.89. Sensitivity and specificity were 85.7 and 79.3, respectively (cut-off of 3 or more). CONCLUSIONS: The Spanish version of the SPMSQ test has a good reliability and validity. For clinical use, a cut-off of 3 appears to be most useful. When illiterate patients are assessed, the it is recommended to employ a cut-off of 4 or more.


Assuntos
Transtornos Cognitivos/diagnóstico , Transtornos Cognitivos/psicologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Características Culturais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Espanha
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